Civil Liberties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Common Liberties - Essay Example This can be delegated leniency murdering. It is the murdering of an at death's door quiet so as to stop the patients’ natural sufferings. The article talks about Seneca prescribes to Marcelino to consider self destruction so as to end the pointless experiencing a difficult hopeless illness. New writing grouped the self destruction alternative when the patient is confronted with an at death's door disease as biting the dust with deference and poise. Further, the article puts the moral acknowledgment of restoratively actuated willful extermination. The American Euthanasia society characterizes Euthanasia as the consummation of a patient’s existence with no torment perpetrated so as to end the patient’s interminable anguish. In Belgian Law, the willful extermination of minors is lawfully allowed in situations when the kids can no longer bear the agony of the hopeless sickness where passing is inescapable. Besides, willful extermination or kindness slaughtering disregards the general human rights revelation of 1948. The revelation that everybody has the privilege to freedom, life, just as security is lawfully cherished. The law denies the purposeful taking of another person’s life, with the exception of when the court choice forces capital punishment on the indicted criminal. The article closes accentuating Euthanasia is permitted in specific cases. Moreover, another article accentuated the United States constitution necessarily expresses that everybody is qualified for own property, freedom, and life (Hamrick, 2013). One of the alterations that organize requirement of the three rights is the fifth revision. Another revision is the fourteenth amendment. The article emphasizes that criminal aim is a significant fixing in the assurance if the suspect is liable of disregarding the law. Criminal purpose is called Mens Rea. Hence, any individual has the freedom to convey weapons and projectiles. The minor ownership of cocaine, weapons, or other disallowed drugs doesn't naturally comprise a crook, except if criminal goal to disregard the law is

Hostel Ddday Free Essays

Regarded dignitaries on the stage, all the educators and my dear hostelites.. â€Å"Suddenly out from old neighborhood, With B. We will compose a custom paper test on Lodging Ddday or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Tech Degree as our Crown, We arrived here, here we lived, here we developed, here Spent greatest long stretches of our life, With best buddies of mine, here scholarly fundamentals and felt bliss with distresses, People of Old lodging, To thee I bow† It feels like yesterday when we all met up as â€Å"freshers†, when we met one another, sat together for bunch considers a day prior of the test, it feels like yesterday when we had some good times together. Be that as it may, its difficult to accept that these yesterdays have gone on for a long time †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. what's more, before long beyond words on us. Its difficult for me to accept that today I am giving a discourse as a last year understudy and that our life as students is reaching a conclusion. I am certain that nearly everybody of us in the last yr tech have something sitting tight for us for a superior tom,but given an opportunity, I am certain, all of us might want to remember these 4 years. Words simply miss the mark to portray my affections for this lodging. We have everything from it; fellowship, warmth, care, support , information, development and what not I am certain that thses dividers know our lifes superior to us. We have gotten things done, we would have never envisioned doing we came here and furthermore things, which others could simply do in their creative mind. From mid night bday gatherings to consuming mid night oil before tests, from throughout the day rest on vacations to entire night games and giggling, from Dashera to Holi, from mosquitoes to blood suckers, from mess food to munna’s water †¦. We have seen everything here. I could precisely review and experience the expressions of Harshal Chokha, when we as a whole were in first yr, when he said â€Å"here We have experienced the greatest change of our lives† This spot has its very own culture, where there is only no space for segregation and sufficient space for adoration and solidarity. ( Here we have shared our most profound distresses just as the greatest accomplishments with companions). In spite of the fact that the greater part of our youngsters simply have no clue about this culture as they have lived in the new lodging however I, alongside everybody of us, have delighted in this culture and experienced each snapshot of it. We have lived here increasingly like a family and I truly feel glad to have a place with it. Its been the hostelites who are celebrated or would i be able to call scandalous for going to the limit of talks to having the best of leaser. Presently when I think back, its so difficult to envision where I would have been if not here. There is such a great amount to state and it will take an additional 8 years for me to depict my 4 years of life in Old inn I express gratitude toward Prof Malshe for protecting this culture here and leaving every one of us alone a piece of it. He as an individual will be extreme on occasion however extremely delicate something else. Can always remember those evenings when Sir is on shock visit to the lodging and everyone runs to a great extent simply educating others to be set up for it. Can always remember how his remarks become considerably more mainstream than the discoursed of the most astounding films). I might want to express gratitude toward him for l oaning his hand at whatever point we required his assistance and sir, we demand you for your help in any event, when we are not a piece of this lodging. How might I overlook a year ago, when lodging day was very nearly getting dropped, that he became expectation and backing for us and truly, we had the option to make a momentous celebration under the authority of our GS Shailesh Marwah. Most definitely, the bunch of conclusive yr B tech could be called as the group of achievers. Individuals have lucrative employments, top positioning colleges, unmatchable GATE scores that too in third year, and still there is a great deal more to come. To the extent extra curricular exercises are concerened throughout the years we have exceeded expectations in both social and games. I might want to thank all the educators, who have consistently loan us their assistance, every one of my schoolmates or I would state my siblings and my youngsters for being there during the highs and the lows. I would never compensate all of you for your favors ) and folks keep the soul of old inn high. I might want to wind up on a passionate note, In everything I can just say†¦.. â€Å"We lived in the old lodging for a long time Enjoyed, cried had a ton of fun, shared tears, We hostelites live here as an a family with wings of UICT to fly openly now, its time for us to leave making this outstandi ng amongst other spot for freshers to live† Thank youRespected dignitaries on the stage, all the educators and my dear hostelites.. â€Å"Suddenly out from old neighborhood, With B. Tech Degree as our Crown, We arrived here, here we lived, here we developed, ere Spent greatest long periods of our life, With best buddies of mine, here scholarly nuts and bolts and felt bliss with distresses, People of Old lodging, To thee I bow† It feels like yesterday when we all met up as â€Å"freshers†, when we met one another, sat together for bunch contemplates a day prior of the test, it feels like yesterday when we had some good times together. In any case, its difficult to accept that these yesterdays have gone on for a long time †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. what's more, before long amazing on us. Its difficult for me to accept that today I am giving a discourse as a last year understudy and that our life as students is reaching a conclusion. I am certain that nearly everybody of us in the last yr tech have something hanging tight for us for a superior tom,but given an opportunity, I am certain, all of us might want to remember these 4 years. Words simply miss the mark to depict my affections for this inn. We have everything from it; kinship, love, care, support , information, development and what not I am certain that thses dividers know our lifes superior to us. We have gotten things done, we would have never envisioned doing we came here and furthermore things, which others could simply do in their creative mind. From mid night bday gatherings to consuming mid night oil before tests, from throughout the day rest on siestas to entire night games and giggling, from Dashera to Holi, from mosquitoes to kissing bugs, from mess food to munna’s water †¦. We have seen everything here. I could precisely review and experience the expressions of Harshal Chokha, when we as a whole were in first yr, when he said â€Å"here We have experienced the greatest progress of our lives† This spot has its very own culture, where there is only no space for segregation and adequate space for adoration and solidarity. ( Here we have shared our most profound distresses just as the greatest accomplishments with companions). Despite the fact that the majority of our youngsters simply have no clue about this culture as they have lived in the new inn however I, alongside everybody of us, have delighted in this culture and experienced each snapshot of it. We have lived here progressively like a family and I truly feel glad to have a place with it. Its been the hostelites who are well known or would i be able to call scandalous for going to the limit of talks to having the best of leaser. Presently when I think back, its so difficult to envision where I would have been if not here. There is such a great amount to state and it will take an additional 8 years for me to depict my 4 years of life in Old inn I express gratitude toward Prof Malshe for safeguarding this culture here and leaving every one of us alone a piece of it. He as an individual will be intense on occasion yet extremely delicate something else. ( Can always remember those evenings when Sir is on shock visit to the inn and everyone runs to a great extent simply educating others to be set up for it. Can always remember how his remarks become considerably more well known than the discoursed of the most astounding films). I might want to say thanks to him for loaning his hand at whatever point we required his assistance and sir, we demand you for your help in any event, when we are not a piece of this lodging. How might I overlook a year ago, when lodging day was nearly getting dropped, that he became expectation and backing for us and truly, we had the option to make an astounding celebration under the administration of our GS Shailesh Marwah. Most definitely, the clump of conclusive yr B tech could be called as the cluster of achievers. Individuals have lucrative occupations, top positioning colleges, unmatchable GATE scores that too in third year, and still there is a great deal more to come. To the extent extra curricular exercises are concerened throughout the years we have exceeded expectations in both social and games. I might want to thank all the teachers, who have consistently loan us their assistance, every one of my colleagues or I would state my siblings and my youngsters for being there during the highs and the lows. (I would never compensate all of you for your favors ) and folks keep the soul of old inn high. I might want to wind up on an enthusiastic note, In everything I can just say†¦.. â€Å"We lived in the old lodging for a long time Enjoyed, cried had a ton of fun, shared tears, We hostelites live here as an a family with wings of UICT to fly unreservedly now, its time for us to leave making this a standout amongst other spot for freshers to live† Thank you The most effective method to refer to Hostel Ddday, Papers

Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis Essay

Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis - Essay Example Fundamentally, an assortment of ascetic customs have added to the development of the strict life inside the Catholic Church. The guideline of devotion was essentially done by the different strict standards, for example, the Rule of St Basil and the Rule of St Benedict in the early times of religion and these principles were carefully seen by the priests. Be that as it may, the Church laws of various categories started to control asceticism in the later periods and there was an incredible change in the mentality towards these strict guidelines. The choices from the Rule of St. Benedict and the Prayer of St. Francis as given in the course reading give a significant delineation of the ascetic customs of various periods in the Church history. Regardless of their clear contrasts, both of these writings bode well with regards to the devout customs of the various periods. A similar investigation of these two writings clarifies how asceticism fits into the Christian custom by and large and t hese writings give the best exhibitions of the strict guidelines of various religious conventions. In an examination of the choice from the Rule of St. Benedict, one comes to perceive the case of the religious custom of the beginning times of devotion.

The Narrative Style and Structure of The Tell-Tale Heart - Free Essay Example

In the same way as other of Edgar Allan Poes different works, The Tell-Tale Heart is a dull story published in 1843. This specific one spotlights on the occasions driving the demise of an old man, and the occasions thereafter. That is the nuts and bolts of it, yet there are numerous profound implications covered up in the three-page short story. Poe utilizes procedures, for example, first-individual account, incongruity, and style to pull off a trustworthy feeling of suspicion. In this specific story, Poe chose to compose it in the main individual account. This system is utilized to get inside the primary characters head and view his considerations and are regularly energizing. The narrator in the The Tell-Tale Heart is recounting the story on how he slaughtered the old man while arguing his mental stability In The Tell-Tale Heart Edgar Allan Poe develops tension by directing us through the obscurity that abides inside his characters heart and psyche. Poe magnificently shows the subject of blame and its relationship to the narrators franticness. In this great gothic story, blame isnt just present in the obstinately pulsating heart. It implies itself prior in the story through the old mans eye and gradually assumes control over the subject without regret. Through his composition, Poe specifically ascribes the narrators blame to his powerlessness to concede his disease and offers his fixation on fanciful occasions The eyes capacity to see inside his spirit and the sound of a thumping heart-as conceivable reasons for the franticness that maladies him. There are two physical settings in Edgar Allan Poes The Tell-Tale Heart: the house the narrator imparts to the old man where the homicide happens and the area from which the narrator recounts his story, probably a jail or a refuge for the criminally crazy. Notwithstanding, the most vital setting for the story is inside the fixated brain of the narrator. The old man is not really more than the stink eye that so angers the narrator, the wellspring of his baffling fixation. Poe utilizes his words monetarily in The Tell-Tale Heart† it is one of his most brief stories†to give an investigation of neurosis and mental weakening. Poe strips the account of abundance detail as an approach to uplift the killers fixation on particular and unadorned substances: the old mans eye, the heartbeat, and his very own case to rational soundness. Poes financial style and guided dialect in this manner contribute toward the story content, and maybe this relationship of frame and substance really epitomizes suspicion. Indeed, even Poe himself, similar to the pulsating heart, is complicit in the plot to get the narrator in his abhorrent diversion. the narrator cant remember it for what it genuinely is, it is obvious to us that it must be the blame and regret he intuitively feels that unavoidably acquires him to turn himself. After all, he was totally free. The police were fulfilled and he should have simply through a basic discussion with the end goal to escape with homicide. In any case, in his relatively ideal triumph over the high hand of the law, he hears a ringing in his ears, something that progressions the whole result of the circumstance. The ringing increments and increments until the point when he can never again take it, and in his mind, he flails wildly like a crazy person, however the police visit inertly by until the point that he shouts, Lowlifes! mask no more! I concede the deed! tear up the boards! here, here!(Poe). He mix ups the ringing for the core of the dead old man, when actually it is the thumping of his own heart that he cant get away. As an examination in suspicion, this story lights up the mental logical inconsistencies that add to a lethal profile. For instance, the narrator concedes, in the principal sentence, to being unpleasantly anxious, yet he cant grasp why he ought to be thought distraught. He explai ns his self-protection against frenzy as far as an uplifted tangible limit. Dissimilar to the comparably anxious and extremely touchy Roderick Introduce The Fall of the Place of Usher, who concedes that he feels rationally unwell, the narrator of Tell-Tale Heart sees his excessive touchiness as confirmation of his mental stability, not a side effect of frenzy. This exceptional learning empowers the narrator to tell this story in an exact and finish way, and he utilizes the complex instruments of portrayal for the reasons for his own rational soundness request. In any case, what makes this narrator frantic†and most not at all like Poe†is that he neglects to fathom the coupling of account frame and substance. He experts exact frame, yet he accidentally spreads out a story of homicide that deceives the franticness he needs to deny. another logical inconsistency fundamental to the story includes the strain between the narrators abilities for affection and abhor. Poe investigates here a mental secret†that individuals now and then mischief those whom they cherish or require in their lives. Poe looks at this Catch 22 50 years before Sigmund Freud made it the main idea in his speculations of the psyche. Poes storyteller cherishes the old man. He isnt ravenous for the old mans riches, nor wrathful due to any slight. The narrator in this way takes out thought processes that may typically move such a savage homicide. As he announces his own mental soundness, the narrator focuses on the old mans vulture-eye. He decreases the old man to the light blue of his eye in fanatical form. He needs to isolate the man from his Hostile stare so he can save the man the weight of blame that he credits to t he eye itself. The narrator neglects to see that the eye is the I of the old man, an innate piece of his character that cant be secluded as the narrator unreasonably envisions. The old mans eye is blue with a film or cloak covering it. This could be a medical condition, similar to a corneal ulcer, yet emblematically it implies that the characters have issues with their internal visionwhats generally known as ones point of view toward the world. They are trapped. Everything is darkened for them. Our perusing of the story is in like manner sifted through this foggy eye, causing, in any event, some disarray and disappointment with the content. The eye additionally does some really peculiar stuff. It appears to be dull and unseeing yet, it has peculiar forces. It makes the storytellers blood run cool. It chills] the specific marrow in [his] bones (Poe). In the wake of concealing the old mans body, the narrator replaced the boards so cleverly, so cunningly, that no human eyenot even his [the old mans]could have detected anything wrong (Poe) Fascinating. That announcement suggests that sooner or later the eye could see covered up or mystery things. Edgar Allan Poes The Tell-Tale Heart disturbs our forms of the real world, even as we relate to it in manners we might not have any desire to concede. Something flashes our interest and powers us to finish the storyteller the chilling labyrinth of his psyche. We hear the narrative of homicide through words and through his rendition of the real world. While the narrator is attempting to persuade the reader that he is rational he mentions that It is impossible to say how first the idea entered my brain; but once conceived, it haunted me day and night. (Poe) Fixation powers the narrators form of reality into a thin tube. On the off chance that the narrator was pondering imagining a remedy for growth or something, this limited focus may be something to be thankful for. Here, his variant of the truth is perilous to himself as well as other people. In conclusion from my examination of the narrator, i can argue that he appears to be really crazy and his reasons are entirely baseless. The main occurrence where his thinking could be viewed as support, would be if the old mans eye was really abhorrent and posed a danger to his well being, however from my nearby examination of the story, it would appear the old mans eye had no extraordinary power with the exception of in the psyche of the narrator. So despite the fact that I observe him be crazy and at last locate his thinking unjustified, I can now at long last comprehend why it was that he really perpetrated the wrongdoing.

Marketing Profile Industry Analysis - 2029 Words

Marketing Profile Industry Analysis Industry After an industry analysis, we have established that Bloom is involved in the Human Resources field, with specialization in consulting and event planning. Stacey will help business’s evaluate, and conduct surveys to identify what its individual employee’s value when being recognized for their efforts. Her services will included an introductory event to influence the staff of a company to share their desires on recognition. Competition: The size of the industry that Bloom will operate in is small; her competitors do not compare to the customized service Stacey will offer. Bloom faces such competitors as Human Resources (HR). A company’s human resources department is responsible for creating, implementing and/or overseeing policies governing employee behavior and the behavior of the company toward its employees. Another competitor to be recognition is event planning services. Event planning is the process of managing a project such as a meeting, tradeshow, ceremony, team building activity, party, or convention. Organizational Behavior Consultants would be considered another competitor. Organizational behavior consultants study how individuals and groups of employees act in the workplace and help companies improve in-house relationships and productivity. These competitors mentioned could be considered indirect because they do not offer the consulting aspect with the mix of event planning that Bloom has. Product/ ServiceShow MoreRelatedGlobal And China Polyamide 66 (Nylon 66/PA66) Industry 2013 Market Analysis and Overview1618 Words   |  7 PagesPolyamide 66 (Nylon 66/PA66) Industry Research report firstly introduced Polyamide 66 (Nylon 66/ PA 66) basic information included Polyamide 66 (Nylon 66/ PA 66) definition classification application industry chain structure industry overview; international market analysis, China domestic market analysis, Macroeconomic environment and economic situation analysis and influence, Polyamide 66 (Nylon 66/ PA 66) industry policy and plan, Polyamide 66 (Nylon 66/ PA 66) product specification, manufacturingRead MoreTea Is An Indispensable Element1746 Words   |  7 PagesContent Analysis 1. Topic Tea is an indispensable element in both Chinese and British cultures, but due to the cultural and other historical reasons, it is hard to find Chinese tea here in the UK market. Therefore, the author decided to choose ‘The possibility to promote Chinese tea here in the UK’ as the dissertation topic. As a culture icon, tea has long history in both of the Countries (Jandt, 2004:297), thus to promote one in the other country need to investigate the marketing situation inRead MoreChina Optical Coherence Tomography(Oct) Industry 2013 Market Research Report967 Words   |  4 PagesTomography(OCT) Industry Research Report 2013 also focuses on development policies and plans for the industry as well as a consideration of a cost structure analysis. Capacity production, market share analysis, import and export consumption and gross margins are discussed. Browse Complete Report with TOC @ http://www.qyresearchreports.com/report/global-and-china-optical-coherence-tomographyoct-industry-2013-market-research-report.htm A key feature of this report is it focus on major industry playersRead Morecase study Essay examples998 Words   |  4 PagesTetra Pak Case study The challenge of intimacy with a key customer Content ï  ¶ Company Profile ï  ¶ Performance Evaluation ï  ¶ Marketing Challenges ï  ¶ Solutions Assessment ï  ¶ Implementation Proposition Content ï  ¶ Company Profile ï  ¶ Performance Evaluation ï  ¶ Marketing Challenges ï  ¶ Solutions Assessment ï  ¶ Implementation Proposition Tetra Pak – Company profile ï  ¶Establishment: 1952. ï  ¶Founder: Dr. Ruben Rausing. ï  ¶Home country: Sweden. ï  ¶World’s largest producer of Swedish company Read MoreThick-Film Hybrid Integrated Circuits Industry in China and Global Regions 20131202 Words   |  5 PagesIntegrated Circuits Industry 2013 Market Research Report The report provides a basic overview of the industry including definitions, applications and industry chain structure. Global market analysis and Chinese domestic market analysis are provided with a focus on history, developments, trends and competitive landscape of the market. A comparison between the international and Chinese situation is also offered. Global and China Thick-film hybrid integrated circuits Industry Research Report 2013Read MoreTBS 920 International Business Strategy :Nokia India Country Strategy1498 Words   |  6 Pagesby: Manoj Gulati - 4130157 TBS 920 – International Business Strategy 1 Curriculum and Business Profile †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Company profile Guest country profile Economic, Cultural and Political Analysis Technological Analysis Entering and functional strategies Marketing Strategy of Nokia in India SWOT PESTEL analysis Recommendations References 2 Company profile †¢ Formed in 1865 by mining engineer Fredrik Idestam in a village named Nokia in Southwestern Finland Read MoreGoogle vs Facebook: Internet Marketing Essays596 Words   |  3 PagesMarketing industry has evolved exponentially. Since the days of late 20th century when advertisers were limited by medium and demographics, this industry has came a long way. This dramatic evolution was set in motion by Internet. Internet reaches and touches every aspect of our lives and brings with it a set of new rich colored graphical ads and catchy phrases. All of this digital marketing mania is mostly controlled by two IT giants, Google and Facebook. In this article we discuss the marketingRead MoreMarketing Research Notes1234 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing Research Chapter One Notes Marketing Research: what is it? Marketing Research: Function that links an organization to it market through gathering of information -Critical part of marketing intelligence that obtains information on consumer needs -It facilitates the identification and definition of market driven opportunities and problems, the development -Enables the monitoring of marketing performance and improved understanding of marketing as a business process -OrganizationsRead MoreIdentifying A Target Market And Prepare A Customer Profile890 Words   |  4 PagesMarket and Prepare a Customer Profile URL: http://edwardlowe.org/how-to-identify-a-target-market-and-prepare-a-customer-profile/ This website’s main focus is on how to identify a target market and prepare a customer profile. Hence the article explained in great detail about getting the message to the people who need and want what you have to offer. † This guide takes you through a step-by-step process that helps you identify specific target markets within your industry and provides you with the know-howRead MorePestel Analysis Thai Airways995 Words   |  4 PagesPESTEL analysis for THAI airways Political Political factors are how and to what degree does THAI airways intervenes in the economy. Specifically, political factors include areas such as tax policy, labour law, environmental law, trade restrictions, tariffs, and political stability by THAI airways Recently THAI airways stated that the growing economy will boost travel and passengers if Thailand has no political problems. Economic Economic factors include economic growth, interest rates, exchange

Television Campaign For The Korean War Essay - 1719 Words

Throughout recent years, television campaign advertisements have become predominant for various politicians. From the 1950s with Dwight Eisenhower’s first television campaign to today’s political campaigns and advertisements, political platforms have prospered on deceptive commercials and heresy. Advertisements like these are designed specifically to persuade voters and political debates. Indeed, some political campaigns may have genuine characteristics, numerous show pessimistic attitudes towards their opponents, the other parties. Political campaign advertisements have matured from simple radio or television advertisements to an extravagantly expensive industry worth millions of dollars. Members of the campaign staff work tirelessly to create the catchiest slogans, and gain viewer support in aspiration to win the campaign. In fact, the increase in the use of television advertisements for political campaigns started with Dwight Eisenhower’s 1952 â€Å"Ike for P resident† verses Adlai Stevenson. Throughout this time occurred several issues between American citizens and Truman due to extended involvement in the Korean war. This particular campaign depicted Eisenhower as an adored leader with his vow to put an end to the war. The advertisements used the memorable melody of â€Å"You like Ike, I like Ike† that developed an uplifting environment against Stevenson using the least possible blasphemy including â€Å"We don t want John or Dean or Harry†. Comparable to Republican DwightShow MoreRelated Television and Its Imapact on Society Essay1442 Words   |  6 PagesTelevision and Its Imapact on Society Introduction Vladimir Kosma Zworykin created a rudimentary versionof the television in 1924; however, the first realistically working television was made possible by Philo Taylor Farnsworth in the 1940s. These televisions were exceptionally expensive, consequently only the affluent members of society had access to them. It was only in 1960 beginning with the presidential election that the television became fashionable to the common public. FromRead MoreFears Of Communism : The Cold War792 Words   |  4 Pages Fears of Communism It was the Cold War, causing the space race and the arms race between America and Soviet Russia since 1947. In its midst the Cold War changed the United States dramatically, ranging from political to social problems all around the country. During the Cold War period there were many positive and negative effects on U.S. politics. One political effect on politics in the U.S. was Executive Order 9835 or Loyalty Order. This order requires all federal employees to be analyzedRead MoreThe War Of The Civil Rights Movement1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1950s was a decade of prosperity, the economy was booming, military was strong, the beginning of the civil rights movement. In the 1960s the decade involved protest, the war in Vietnam, the fight for civil rights, and JFK. Then came the 1970s and it was known as the time of peace and love, equality for all, the ongoing war in Vietnam, and Nixon. Each decade after one another affected the next with foreign policy, domestic policy, politics, political leadership, the economy, and the social termsRead MoreThe Era Of New And Improved Cultural Identity1488 Words   |  6 Pagesexciting and fun time, the threats to our free country was a real possibility. The threat of Communism ca me into play, splitting the Labor party and bringing in the ANZUS treaty to combat that. In addition to that, Australia got involved in the Korean War in fear of Communism tearing our government apart. Girls donned short skirts and boys donned army greens, it was the decade of change in Australia and still affects our governmental decisions today. Retrospect investigates this era of change inRead MoreThe Development Goals Of The United Nations1392 Words   |  6 Pages The United Nations was created after World War II, on October 24, 1945. It was created to provide an international council that would promote peace between countries. They would work together to solve international problems (History of The United Nations). It was also created to replace the League of Nations, the United Nation’s predecessor. There have been many peacekeeping missions conducted by the United Nations, such as interventions in Bosnia, Rwanda, Syria, and Korea. They alsoRead MoreU.s. Dp rk, Nuclear Weapons, And Violation Of Human Rights1397 Words   |  6 Pagesbecame a piece of territory of the industrial state: Imperial Army of Japan. During the Korea campaign, the Japanese military deliberately destroyed and humiliated the Koreans as inferior kind, and displayed the clear superiority over the people of Korea. Japanese military’s brutality was beyond the control of the Korean military. The Japanese colony of Korea lasted for 35 years (1910-’45) . The curtain of Korean colony had been shut by the defeat of the Imperial Japanese Army in WWII. Almost simultaneouslyRead MoreTruman s Second Term Neared1843 Words   |  8 Pageswidely admired but not considered a politician: General Dwight Eisenhower† (Schake), who was a recognized war hero, prominently for being the general of the Allied Forces during World War II. He was loved by the people and respected by both parties.Though Eisenhower showed no interest in presidency, â€Å"Dewey’s te am staged a rally in Madison Square Garden†¦[and Dewey even] organized a write-in campaign for Eisenhower in New Hampshire, and he carried the state† (Schake). Eventually â€Å"Eisenhower announced thatRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of D Day And Ve Day During World War II901 Words   |  4 PagesPOLITICAL TELEVISION ADS 1952 The presidential nominee for the Republican Party was Eisenhower, while for the Democrats, it was Adlai Stevenson. Eisenhower’s ads focused on Eisenhower as the general who lead American troops to victory in D-Day and VE-Day during World War II. Stevenson’s messages focused on civil liberty and equality for all Americans regardless of race, class or any other demographic. An advertisement for Stevenson featuring a female singer singing a song that portrayed StevensonRead MoreMedia Policy Of The United States1458 Words   |  6 Pagesgovernmental policy is shaped by a â€Å"tradition of minimal interference†. Political lobbying by media organizations was pioneered in Washington by book and newspaper publishers. The Hollywood lobbying body was set up in 1922, but was not effective due to war and cold war environment. But after 1980, the Department of Defense and State withdrew control, giving movie, TV, cable, telephone, music and press lobbies a free hand. (Tuns tall and Machin, Washington as Media Policy Umpire and Commercial Booster, 1999:40-41)Read MoreSouth Korea Cultural Environments1459 Words   |  6 Pagesthis would be pointless for him because he would not be able to enter a Korean company as a new hire due to his age. A second example is a Korean contact who speaks both Korean and English at work. He has a colleague who is ethnically Korean but was raised in Canada. This colleague mentioned to him that she liked his English better than his Korean because his Korean was insulting to juniors. He explained to me that in Korean, there are many levels of language, depending on the social position of

Knowledge Learn International Conference -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Knowledge Learn International Conference? Answer: Introducation LOreal group is one of the largest cosmetic companies in the world. The registered office of the company is located in Paris and the head office of the company is situated at Clichy, France. The company operates in the industry of cosmetic products. The company has come into existence in the year of 1905 and today the company serves the market with its 2000 products. The company is continuously experiencing growth and serving the market with wide and diverse product range. As far as the mission of the company is considered, it has been analyzed that the company wants to help the customers in realizing their aspiration and expressing their personalities to the fullest. This is the statement that helps the company to create value to their business. In terms of market orientation, the company focuses on customers and societal marketing orientation concept. The companys slogan, Because IM worth it justifies that the company is personifying its image and connecting its products to the cus tomers personality (Gangjee Burrell, 2010). The company has the great products range, following are the products divisions: Consumer product division: LOreal Paris, Garnier, Maybelline NY Professional product division: LOreal Professional, Matrix, Kerastase Active cosmetic: Vichy Luxury product: Lancme, Biotherm, ralph Lauren and Giorgio Armani Industry analysis: The global cosmetic industry has seen a great growth of around 3.8% in last 10 years. Out of all the brands, LOreal is found to be the strongest brand and it has been reported that this is the luxurious brand that is expected to attain more growth in near future. The above figure suggests that LOreal is at the top of all the top 7 companies of cosmetics in the world. The statistic suggests that it has the largest market capitalization of all the brands. Company: SWOT analysis: In order to analyze the company.it is required to conduct the SWOT analysis of the organization that helps in identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats for the company. Following is the SWOT analysis of LOreal. Strengths: LOreal is considered as the largest and the strongest cosmetic brand in the world. Its market capitalizations found to be largest of all the top cosmetic brands. Research and development: It has been analyzed that only pure manufacturing is not the way to success for the cosmetic brand thus it is required to involve dermatology, cosmetology, skin care, hair care etc. in the brand and this is what LOreal do (Crittenden, Crittenden, Ferrell, Ferrell Pinney, 2011). Large products range: as far as the product range is considered, it has been identified that LOreal is the company that is serving the customers with great range of products in different categories such as hair care, skins care, make up etc. not only the range of the products but the company has different products division and brands (Brandt, Cazzaniga Hann, 2011). Weaknesses: Slow profit growth: although the company is earning great revenue from its sales but due to high expense on RD and other sectors for handling such a large company, it becomes difficult and tough for the company to earn profit (Shen Bissell, 2013). Decentralization of the division: it has been analyzed that the company has many brands and because of this division, the company finds it difficult to position itself in e market with single image. The damage to single products of any brand may affect the other products as well (?opaciuk ?oboda, 2013). Opportunities: Business expansion: as the company is doing well with range of products in cosmetics so it can also expands its business in different products range such as in natural products or any clothing brand that can support the business to expand Alliances and acquisition: the company also has the opportunity to make alliances with other brands or acquire small brands to have more and larges market share in order to fight the tough competition. Threats: Competition: cosmetic industry is experiencing a great competition and new brands are entering the market now and then. As per the analysis, Estee Lauder, Mac etc. are some of the great brands that re competition for the market share. Customers: Understanding consumer behavior is very important in the way that it helps in analyzing the position of the brand in the minds of the customers. This helps in making the marketing targets by the company. As far as LOreal is considered, it has been analyzed that it focuses on culture, psychological and social factors to apply the knowledge in order to make marketing strategies. LOreal group has the customers which are based at their demands. For instance, in the business of skin care, the people who are facing ageing problems or skin problem will buy the products as per their needs and demands from the product type (Hamzaoui Essoussi Merunka, 2007). Collaborators: Collaborators of the company or the brand includes the partners, suppliers and there stakeholders of the company that are linked and associated with the company in one or the other way. These collaborators help the company to make their business functions more effective. LOreal believes in developing strong bonds with its suppliers and tries to develop the relation that is sustainable in nature. Reciprocal commitment is found to be the base of the relationship in order to have the mutual growth (Loreal.hk., 2018).. As far as the partners are considered, the company has three types of partnership that are academic partnership, institutional partnership and private sector partnership. All these partners are important for the company to help the firm in its research and development function. Some of the science institution helps the company to manufacture its products and makes them effective and harmless. Competitors analysis: Porters five forces is the analysis that can help in evaluating the competitive environment of the company. Threat of new entrants It has been analyzed that barriers to entry is very high in this industry and thus the threat from new entrants is low for the companies like LOreal. This is because the companies need to have high capital in order to enter the industry and also have to make the products that are not harmful for the skin. This requires them to have a certified permission. Threat of rivalry The rivalry for LOreal is also moderate in nature because there are many companies in the cosmetic industry but LOreal is a very big brand and it is very difficult for any of the company to replace the brand. LOreal has around 50 brands and it would be very difficult for the company to reach up to that place. Although the competition is high in the industry but LOreal is at very high level (Fayolle, Basso Legrain, 2008). Threat of substitutes Threat of substitutes or the company is high in nature. This is because of the preferred natural products choice of the customers. these days are preferring to buy the natural products and avoiding the use of chemical products on their skin thus these natural products can replace the LOreal products in the market Buyers power The power of buyers is very one as compared to the company and the company has its hands up in this case. This is because of the large number of customers in the market. As there is large number of customers in the market thus the company has the power to bargain and set the prices (Edu, Negricea Nicolaica, 2013). Suppliers power The bargaining power of suppliers is again very low in comparison with the company lie LOreal. This is because the company has its own image in the market and thus has many suppliers. Context: PESTLE analysis To analyze the contextual factors, PESTLE analysis needs to be done: There are many political challenges that the company has to face. It has been analyzed that as a cosmetic brand the company has to follow the guidelines given by each of the government in every country where the company operates and series the market. The company is obligated to manufacture safe products as per the standards of the government and should be passed by the authorized institutions of every country. Economic factors: as the company operates in many different countries, thus it has to follow the guidelines of those countries. Thus, the global economic conditions affect the functioning and the revenues of the company. Any variation or fluctuation in any of the market affects the functioning of LOreal and its overall profits (Saraswati, 2010). Social factors: social factors include the culture of the countries and the values of the customers. LOreal is considered as the leader of change and thus it adopts the strategy of universalism and tries to serve the market as per their preferences. Technological factors: technology plays a great part in this industry of cosmetic products. This is because science is the major part of the manufacturing process. The scientific and technical knowledge of the skin and the hair as well as the chemical is very much required. Legal factors: The company should focus on being legally and ethically correct. This is because the company has to follow all the legal obligations and it is required to produce the products that do not harm the customers in being ethical. Environmental factors: environment is also main concern for the companies like LOreal. This is the reason why the company belies in sustainable practices. What customers want? As per the analysis, it has been identified that customer behavior is in terms of their demands. As the company provides various product ranges to the customers thus the customers choice depends on their demands and needs. The customers with skin care needs prefer to buy the products from the skin care range. A customer who runs the salon prefers to buy the products of the professional range. LOreal used to analyze the customs demands with the help of demands that the customers generate (Gangjee Burrell, 2010). Which competitors pose a threat? It can be analyzed by conducting mare research. It is required by LOreal to conduct market research timely in order to identify the threats for them. The major threat or competitors of the company are found to be Estee Lauder and Beiersdorf etc. How the context of business is changing, if at all? The context of business is changing as per the change in the demands of the customers and the preferences of the customers I different countries. The LOreal should think of going into natural products range as the customers are taking interest in buying the same these days. What role collaborators play in the process? Collaborators play a great role in LOreal process. The suppliers are the one who acts the mediators between the company and the customers. Thus, it is important to make good relations with the suppers in order to serve the market effectively. Partners are the one who are responsible for making the functions more effective and restricting the company to be in its legal and ethical limitations. Partners help the company for its research and development processes as well (Ren, Xie Krabbendam, 2009). Developing the marketing strategy Target market: as the company has the opportunity to enter the new market by launching the natural range of products thus the target market for the company should be the teenage girls who cannot put so much of chemical o their sensitive and young skin. Value proposition: as far as the value proposition of the company is considered, this new range should be positioned as the products for the younger skin so that the company can attract young generation for the products. Positioning statement: The positing statement of the company should be: Natural me, young you. This statement suggests that the company is making the products from the natural products that will help the young to be young always and make their skin healthy without any chemical use. Development of marketing tactics Recommended marketing mix: Product: the product in the case is natural products range for the young generation. The products range is into skin care products only (Edu, Negricea Nicolaica, 2013). Price: the penetration strategy of pricing should be used in this case so that the company can compete with other natural product competitors. Place: the place should be the distributor and the retailer point along with the franchisee stores. Promotion: the major promotional tool that can be used by the company is campaign and public relations. This helps the company to develop good relation with the youth. Campaigning can be done in schools and colleges. Process: the process that needs to be followed in order to reach the customers is through retailers. As the products are natural so the sustainable processing should be used. People: the people who all are involved in the process are employees, suppliers, workers, government, partners, customers etc. (Fukukawa, Balmer Gray, 2007). Physical evidence: the physical evidence of the products is the brand name and the packaging. The packaging should be green in color and should use the disposable material. Conclusion: It has been concluded from the report that LOreal is the company that operates in cosmetic industry.it is the firm with great products range and its weakness is its decentralization because of the high products range. The company has the opportunity to expand its business in natural products for the young generation and thus it is required by the company to use the marketing strategies like campaigning and public relations to make the youth aware about the presence of new products range of the company. References: Crittenden, V. L., Crittenden, W. F., Ferrell, L. K., Ferrell, O. C., Pinney, C. C. (2011). Market-oriented sustainability: a conceptual framework and propositions.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,39(1), 71-85. Hamzaoui Essoussi, L., Merunka, D. (2007). Consumers' product evaluations in emerging markets: does country of design, country of manufacture, or brand image matter?.International Marketing Review,24(4), 409-426. Hong, H. J., Doz, Y. (2013). LOreal masters multiculturalism.Harvard Business Review,91(6), 114-118. Shen, B., Bissell, K. (2013). Social media, social me: A content analysis of beauty companies use of facebook in marketing and branding.Journal of Promotion Management,19(5), 629-651. Consultancy.uk. (2018).Global cosmetics market worth 181 billion, L'Oreal dominates. Retrieved 18 January 2018, from https://www.consultancy.uk/news/2810/cosmetics-market-worth-181-billion-loreal-dominates Loreal.hk. (2018). Suppliers - LOral Group. Retrieved 18 January 2018, from https://www.loreal.hk/en-hk/suppliers Fayolle, A., Basso, O., Legrain, T. (2008). Corporate Culture and Values: Genesis andSources of L'Oral's Entrepreneurial Orientation.Journal of Small Business Entrepreneurship,21(2), 215-229. Saraswati, L. A. (2010). Cosmopolitan whiteness: The effects and affects of skin-whitening advertisements in a transnational women's magazine in Indonesia.Meridians: feminism, race, transnationalism,10(2), 15-41. Gangjee, D., Burrell, R. (2010). Because you're worth it: L'Oreal and the prohibition on free riding.The Modern Law Review,73(2), 282-295. Edu, T., Negricea, I. C., Nicolaica, A. (2013). Facebook-a Marketing Instrument and Differentiator in Brand Positioning. A Case Study on LOreal Paris Romania.International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories,3(2), 92-102. Ren, L., Xie, G., Krabbendam, K. (2009). Sustainable competitive advantage and marketing innovation within firms: A pragmatic approach for Chinese firms.Management Research Review,33(1), 79-89. Fukukawa, K., Balmer, J. M., Gray, E. R. (2007). Mapping the interface between corporate identity, ethics and corporate social responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics,76(1), 1-5. Brandt, F. S., Cazzaniga, A., Hann, M. (2011, September). Cosmeceuticals: current trends and market analysis. InSeminars in cutaneous medicine and surgery(Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 141-143). Frontline Medical Communications. ?opaciuk, A., ?oboda, M. (2013, June). Global beauty industry trends in the 21st century. InManagement, Knowledge and Learning International Conference(pp. 19-21).

The Haj Essay Research Paper Leon Uris free essay sample

The Haj Essay, Research Paper Leon Uris has done an first-class occupation of showing the play covering the events taking up to the German holocaust and the formation of a new Judaic Israel. In Exodus, it is clear to see that Uris sympathizes with the Judaic people. However, he has given an accurate portraiture of the unfairnesss encountered upon Jews throughout history. The intervention of Jews in worldwide ghettos, concentration cantonments, displaced individuals cantonments, and in covering with a United Jewish Nation, are awful. The reader sees the battle non merely through the eyes of a Judaic bid leader, but besides through the eyes of an American nurse who at first detests the state and what is go oning in it. Throughout the narrative, the reader is led through of import events, which shaped the devisings of a downtrodden people who were un-willing to give up. The description of the life conditions of the pre-war ghettos, from the boisterous anti-semantic rabble to the high revenue enhancements, was deeply accurate in making an image of destitution, which was un-able to oppress the Judaic spirit. We will write a custom essay sample on The Haj Essay Research Paper Leon Uris or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Once once more, the universe broad un-acceptance of Hitler s programs was publicized, nevertheless Uris went to other deepnesss in telling the ain rejection displayed by Judaic people. Once the holocaust was ended nevertheless, Uris discerns how the English authorities, for political grounds, placed the subsisters in atrocious displaced individuals cantonments about parallel to the early German ghettos. This is today a small publicised fact, and the deepness on which he unfolds a narrative of the steps taken to stamp down the rise of Judaism is astronomical. Once Israel is concluded to be, harmonizing to the UN, a Judaic state, the Arab war, which breaks out, is shown to be a monolithic misrepresentation upon the common Arab. When hearing of the block of Judaism into Israel by the Arabs, it is assumed that the population as a whole threatened to set a halt to it. The political manoeuvres displayed by the Arab leaders demonstrates how the villagers were led by rabble regulation into a militant state of affairs while genuinely they had no expostulation to Judaism. My cognition of the Judaic quandary in set uping their ain state was greatly amplified by Exodus. I am besides now really much interested in the suppression of the Judaic people and antisemitism throughout history.

Renewable Energy in the UAE Essay Sample

Renewable Energy in the UAE Essay Sample Renewable Energy in the UAE Essay Sample Renewable Energy in the UAE Essay Sample UAE has for various reasons resulted to actively seeking for alternatives to replace expensive and environmentally hazardous sources of energy. The country also seeks to diversify its energy sector as well as its economy through actively developing solar energy usage. It has developed solar-energy harnessing plants, which has made the consumption of this kind of energy grow significantly in frames of the total energy consumption. The country has been actively increasing the amount of solar power plants as well as improving the technology aimed at boosting efficiency and reducing costs in all runs. Thus, this sector has seen a lot of research work done on both the materials and technology used in power generation. When the systems for tapping and storing solar energy are competitive with conventional sources, the country will be in a better position to increase the scale of energy generation and effectively replace petroleum: it will introduce an era of clean non exhaustible energy wi th very low maintenance cost. The term renewable energy has been commonly used to describe the alternative source of energy from what is considered mainstream; petroleum and coal (Alnaser Alnaser, 2011). However, the term also means a wide array of energy sources that cannot be exhausted, which means that the sources are always renewed or replenished through the Earths’ natural cycles. An example of these energy sources includes solar energy, wind geothermal energy and biomass. The term is sometimes used interchangeably with ‘green energy’ or ‘clean energy,’ which refers to energy sources that produce no emissions or pollutants in their generation and use (Rauland Newman, 2015). Renewable energy is or can be used to replace petroleum fuels in several areas that may include the generation of electricity, heating, to drive various machines, as motor fuels, or to power localized of-the-grid homes in the rural areas. This paper will look into the various types of renewable energy in use in the UAE. This paper will discuss reasons behind UAE’s high demand for energy as well as renewable energy projects being undertaken. Moreover, specific renewable energy developments, for instance, the Masdar city besides the Shams 1 scheme will be discoursed including steps taken by the UAE government to successfully and competently utilize additional renewable energy in all runs. Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century- (REN 21) concluded that the renewable sources of energy constituted approximately 19% of the total energy used globally in 2014. Biomass was the most used accounting for 9%, thermal energy at 4.2%, and hydroelectricity at 3.8%. In 2012 and 2013, renewables had been used to generate 22% of the electricity consumed globally. In the year 2013, global investment in the technologies aimed at exploitation of renewable sources of energy amounted to US 214 Billion (Young, (2014). The leading countries were China and the US while the technologies that were heavily invested into included wind, solar, hydro and biofuels. The UAE The United Arab Emirates or simply ‘the Emirates’ is a country in the Arabian Headland, sharing boarders with Saudi Arabia and Oman. It shares maritime boarders with Qatar and Iran around the Persian Gulf. Several aspects make this nation have an extraordinarily high demand for energy, which may include a high population composed majorly of foreign emigrants (over 80%). The locals make a small percentage of the total population and made up about 1.4 million in 2014. The country is a confederation of seven states (Emirates), each administered by a sovereign ruler: these rulers select one of them to rule the whole country, which has Arabic as the official language and Islam as the official religion. In spite of the small size, UAE has one of the biggest per capita quantities of oil reserves in the world. Its oil reserves rank 7th in the world: the country also has 17th largest natural gas reserve in the world. After this state was founded in 1971, a large percentage of proceeds obtained from its petroleum and natural gas resources were channeled into the betterment of education, healthcare, as well as the development of highly advanced modern infrastructure (Alnaser Alnaser, 2011). It has led to the rapid industrialization and development, which made this country’s economy the most diversified in the region. Over the same period of time, the most populous city in the country, Dubai emerged as an international commercial and transport hub. The high population density, high level of industrialization and economic diversification, as well as its use as a regional business hub makes UAE have a high rate of energy consumption. Additionally, the country experiences hot summers, when all the households and offices use electricity for air conditioning. This situation significantly increases electricity consumption to an extent of making the relevant government authorities consider correcti ve measures. Summer months’ electric consumption causes a major strain to the supply grid (Alnaser Alnaser, 2011). The peak hours for air conditioning are usually between 12 noon and 6 PM in the evening. Additionally, the country lacks adequate fresh water resource for domestic and industrial consumption. As a result, a large amount of energy is consumed in the desalinization of sea water for domestic and industrial consumption. Due to large sea water desalinization plants, as well as widespread air-conditioning in the summer months, this country has the largest per capita carbon foot print. Carbon footprint refers to the total amount of carbon gasses that are produced during the production process. What may even encourage a larger carbon foot print is that petroleum-generated electricity is usually subsidized by the government before being sold to consumers at a price even less than per unit cost of its generation (International Renewable Energy Agency, 2013). Various researchers and scholars have researched and compiled materials concerning the use of renewable sources of energy in the UAE. Some of these materials focus on areas such as the generation, the use or even future plans concerning the use of renewable energy. This section focuses on such materials. The Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) among other parallel authorities in the seven emirates have come up with means of ensuring that the peak hour demand for electricity does not lead to damages in the grid or unnecessary costs. Measures such as avoiding wastage of grid electricity as well as using most appliances in the off-peak hours have been seen to be helpful in the short run but are ineffective and unsustainable in the medium and long run (Kumetat, 2015). Additionally, the government and other agencies have recognized the great need to use this country’s oil reserve in a sustainable way and preserve it for the future generations. The government and other agencies are attempting to shift to green and renewable energy for environmental and health benefits in all respect. For this reason, various projects, action plans and long-term investment proposals are being done to tap into the green energy for electricity generation including other domestic and industrial uses for benefits discussed earlier. Owing to the geographical locality of the country, it receives a noteworthy quantity of solar radiation, which can be utilized to produce electricity, either through photovoltaic cells (PV) or through heating (CSP) (Kumetat, 2015). Renewable energy is being considered by the UAE in spite of oil reserves it possesses. According to the Masdar Institute (UAE), IRENA and the Directorate of energy and climatic change in the Ministry of foreign affairs, raising renewable energy to 10% the totals consumption could save the country a total of $1.9billion by the year 2030. It was also established that avoiding the consumption of fossil fuel would significantly lower the overall cost of energy. Factoring in health benefits that would accrue from the use of renewable energy and reduction in the environmental pollution, renewable energy could help the country save between $1 and 3.7 billion by 2030. Since the year 2010, the cost of natural gas has been increasing, while that of PV solar panels for converting solar energy into electricity has been declining universally as a result of the improvement in know-how used in manufacturing those (Young, 2014). Additionally, the theoretical and the practical efficiencies of photovoltaic cells and panels have been on the rise. All these factors have made solar energy competitive relative to oil. Despite UAE’s large natural gas reserves, it is important to note that the country is a net importer of the same as the internal output is not able to meet the internal demand. The government through various agencies is also evaluating other renewable sources of energy such as wind while encouraging the adoption of the conversion of waste to energy. In 2014, the cost of natural gas rose to $ 8/mBtu (million British thermal units) creating a need for faster shift to renewable energy (Kumetat, 2015). According to Kumetat (2015), the average cost of natural gas may rise twofold by 2020. Considering that the UAE imports natural gas, it has taken bold steps to decrease its dependence on the same. Furthermore, UAE desires to extensively use green energy in order to expand its economy, free additional petroleum for exports as well as to reduce the rates of the environmental degradation. In order to achieve a sustainable consumption of renewable energy sources, various options in terms of the forms of renewable energy sources have been considered. The UAE has a high yearly radiation making the exploitation of solar energy reasonable and economical. Large, open fields can be mounted with photovoltaic solar panels to transform solar energy into electric energy. Additionally, sunshine can be used for direct heating. With this knowledge, the country has been rigorously promoting the generation of the solar power since early 2008. Abu Dhabi and Dubai were among the first to embrace the use of solar power, each set its own targets for future production and consumption. Abu Dhabi has set its target to have 7% of its energy consumption as solar generated by 2020 (Kumetat, 2015). Dubai, on the other hand, is aiming at 5% clean energy as a percentage of the total consumption by 2030. As a result of these visions, Abu Dhabi has launched many massive projects to harness solar power. Both photovoltaic (PV) as well as Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) are in various stages of installation. On the other hand, Dubai has in the recent past focused majorly on PV system for generating electricity. Types of Renewable Energy The growth in the use of renewable sources of energy was rather slow before 2008, in which the entire country generated only 1% of its entire energy production from solar energy. By 2014, it was estimated that the UAE held half the facilities for harnessing solar energy in the GCC combined with the Levant (Caprotti, 2015). The Masdar City This is a city project in the emirate of Abu Dhabi in the UAE. The city is under construction and is aimed at being a global model for a carbon neutral city. When completed, the city is planned to save 45% of water and 59% compared to the amount a similar sized conventional city would consume (Caprotti, 2015). Despite this city being energy and resource efficient, it will be powered majorly by renewable sources of energy. Additionally, the term carbon neutral means that it will not emit more carbon than a unit area of undeveloped space. The major sources of energy for this city will be solar power, and large areas of open fields will be installed with photovoltaic solar panels. In addition, the design of each individual structure will be such that it will need the minimum possible artificial lighting and air conditioning. Furthermore, model structures that can produce more energy than it can consume will also be integrated. The city will house a maximum of 50,000 people in addition t o 15,000 businesses (Caprotti, 2015). The core of this city is being built by the Masdar Company, which is a part of the larger Mubadala Development Company. The Abu Dhabi government has been the chief stockholder in the provision of the initial capital required. The designer of this city will be the Britishbased fosters and partners architectural firm. The city is being developed approximately 17 km in the south east of Abu Dhabi, standing adjacent to the Abu Dhabi International Airport. The city project was commissioned in 2006 with an estimated implementation period of about 8 years. The total cost was estimated at between $ 18 and 22 billion: the initial part was slated for completion before 2009. It was, however, delayed due to the effects of global financial crisis; some of the structures in phase one were not habitable by 2009 (Caprotti, 2015). With time, the total cost of the development of this city has declined by 10-15% while several variations have been made in instances where theoretical design could not be applied successfully. IRENA will have its headquarters in this city so as to demonstrate to the world the importance of green tech in the construction of modern cities (International Renewable Energy Agency, 2013). Masdar city will be a national as well a worldwide epicenter for clean tech corporations. The Masdar institute of technology was the first institution to book space in this city and become its first tenant. This institution of higher learning and research has been operating in the proposed city in various areas since late 2010, when it occupied its campus. The most striking feature of this city is that it has been developed to exclusively use renewable energy resources. Additionally, it is fitted with a system to enable the maximum possible conservation of energy. PV solar panels are used to generate the electric energy required to run this city. A total of 87,777 PV solar panels that occupy an area of approximately 22- hectare are used. Additional PV panels are installed on roofs of some structures. Another essential component of these structures is that they lack power switches and water taps. It has been done to eliminate instances where lights and water taps and appliances may be left on unnecessarily. Lighting and water points are controlled by a series of motion sensors, which has reduced water consumption to 55% and electricity to 51%. The initial plan provided for the installation of all the solar panels on the rooftops of various building. During the development phase, it was discovered that it would be much more efficient to build solar fields on the open fields in the desert. It would make it easy to brush the dirt off their surface than having cleaners climb on every roof top to clean them. Additionally, the flat open field ensures uniformity in the power generation in addition to the fact that desert has more insolation per unit area than the location of the city. In addition to PV panels, CSP plants are being tested to find out if they can effectively be used to tap the heat energy from sunshine. If this is successfully established, the amount of electricity used for heating could be saved or reduced, which would ultimately reduce the costs. In addition to the use of renewable energy sources, comprehensive water management practices are also incorporated to reduce wastage. Mechanisms are also put in place to ensure that about 80% of the water used is recycled. It includes reusing waste water whenever applicable and utilizing grey water to irrigate crops. Apart from the projects initiated and implemented by Masdar, there are several other projects across the UAE that will exclusively use solar power. For instance, in June 2015, the roads and transport authority in the UAE announced the planned commencement of the construction of 400 bus stops in Dubai. A large percentage of the new ones constructed in areas that have been off the grid will have air conditioning systems that will be powered using solar energy. This project does not only make Dubai the first city in the world to have air conditioned bus stops but also the first one to have solar operated ones. This announcement came a year after trial projects had been done in 2014 in Al Jafliya. Even if the test projects did not provide adequate power for air conditioning systems, it provided crucial information of the possibilities of successfully applying the same in the future. The tests indicated that solar power was adequate for powering lights and advertisement, but the materials used as well as structures’ shapes could not be effectively air conditioned by a solar powered system. However, more trials indicated that with the use of crescent-shaped shelters made of improved materials and heat, dust and humidity resistant paints, a number of them would support a solar powered air conditioner. The Shams 1 Shams 1 is a project that was undertaken to harness the heat energy from the sun and use it for the purpose of generating electricity. The plant is located in Abu Dhabi and is made up of a CSP plant. The plant was completed and became operational by 17th march, 2013. Shams 1 is one of the largest CSP plants in the world. The system is made up of parabolic mirrors set on both sides of a dark pipe made of a special heat absorptive material containing oil. The parabolic glasses are used to concentrate heat from sunshine onto the pipes carrying oil hence heating it. The heated oil in turn heats water which evaporates into steam which turns turbines. The mechanical energy in this turbine is converted into electricity. Since the heat obtained from the oil is not sufficient to rapidly evaporate water, a special heater that burns natural gas ‘a natural gas booster’ is used to compensate the heat difference by heating the water to the temperatures close to 400 degrees Celsius. In the Shams 1 power plant, the parabolic mirror holders are set on an intelligent system that is able to track the movement of the sun. Close to 80% of the heat used comes from the CSP units and is converted into approximately 55% of the total electricity generated. On the other hand, 20% of the heat is obtained from combustion of natural gas and accounts for approximately 45% of the total electric energy produced. From these statistics, it is crucial to note how the heat from the sunshine is greatly used to increase the systems efficiency in the use of natural gas in the production of electricity, making it possible to generate 45% of electricity from only 20% of heat from natural gas. It saves the cost of the 80% of the heat obtained from the CSP unit and is very crucial for reducing emissions (Rauland Newman, 2015). The Shams 1 management does not disclose the cost of generating one unit of power for some reason, which may include the fact that it is in power purchase contract with the management of the power grid. According to CSP professionals, an average price of a CSP system is presently between 20 and 25 cents / kWh. During the design and the developmental phase of this project, the total annual output had been estimated at slightly less than 200GWh. However, the first year of operation saw the plant produce slightly in access of 210GWh. Experts report that this is equivalent to the amount consumed by roughly 20000 homes in the UAE or  ½% of the total electricity demand in the country. The size of this CSP unit makes it cover an area of approximately 2.5 square kilometers while the total length of the parabolic trough is approximately 120 km. The large surface area seen above is very crucial for absorbing the maximum amount of heat from the sun shine. For this reason, the whole project is an environmental conservation success as it greatly reduces carbon emission. In one year, Shams 1 is capable of reducing carbon dioxide emission by about 175,000 tones, an amount that is produced by 1500cars over the same period of time. It is also the amount that can be absorbed by 1.5 million trees in one year. Shamss1 had a nominal maximum capacity of 100MW. However, the plant was seen to produce up to 125MW at one instance. Fluctuation in the amount of heat harnessed from the sunshine is observed in several instances. For example, at night, during cloudy days or in the winter, the amount of the heating obtained from the use of natural gas is increased to compensate for the deficit. The management of Shamss 1 plant only allows the use of natural gas up to 600, 000 btu (British thermal units). The operating staff is usually mandated to determine the amount of natural gas to add in order to compensate for the shortfall in the heat collected by the CSP unit. It has been observed that PV cells are much cheaper than CSP in terms of having a shorter process of generating electricity and also having fewer components. However, CSP has several advantages over the PV systems. CSP units store heat making the generation of electricity stable, even despite sharp fluctuations that may occur in the amount of sunshine received. Additionally, the system is more durable as the storage tanks for hot water can last close to 30 years, which is very long compared to short battery lives for PV systems. As discussed earlier, CSP are able to cater for sharp fluctuations in the sunshine received, making electric generation more regular as compared to PV units. CSP is also very easy to combine with conventional heat power plants and has been used in many instances to upgrade those (Rauland Newman, 2015). Shams 1 project has been very vital and will immensely contribute towards assisting Abu Dhabi to achieve 7% of renewable energy by 2020 (Rauland Newman, 2015). Additionally, it will help the whole country to reduce carbon emissions, diversify its energy sources, as well as the entire economy. It is important to note that Shams1 is run partly by Masdar. Therefore, its existence offers a great learning experience to Masdar, which is continuously looking for ways to improve the project. It offers a great opportunity for the researchers at Masdar to experiment with an aim of improving both the technology as well as the materials used in this plant to boost efficiency, durability and sustainability. How the UAE is Approaching Renewable Energy for the Future The UAE is aiming at reducing its dependence on petroleum and natural gas for generation of electricity. The primary aim of this is to free more petroleum for export, save money used to import natural gas and avoid the degradation of the nation’s natural environment. The country had an integrated long-term plan to ensure that it derived 24 % of its power from clean sources by 2030. Later on, the government plans to accelerate this plan to achieve this by 2021. Apart from the large-scale projects carried out by Masdar, including the carbon neutral city and the mega CSP Shams 1, the country has more plans to increase generation of electricity from solar energy (Sayigh, 2013). In April 2015, the government announced its plans to add an additional 100MV of electricity by installing additional PV solar panels. The FEWA (federal Electricity and Water Authority) has set up plans to initiate large-scale projects in the expansive north of the UAE. The government is also on course to in itiate several projects to generate 24% of its entire energy demand by 2021 as seen earlier. Some of the projects underway include the development of nuclear power plants. Most of these projects are meant to benefit the five remaining emirates that have not been involved in the massive projects of Masdar city and Shams 1. Emirates such as Ajman, Ras Al Khaimah, Sharjah, Umma AL Quiwain as well as Fujairah are the ones serviced by FEWA while Dubai and Abu Dhabi have their own parallel services (Kumetat, 2015). FEWA is set to collaborate with private corporations in the inception, design and development of these projects. Tenders as well as areas of co-operations are set to be awarded via a competitive tendering process. Such an approach is set to be adopted as it is very effective in ensuring that the cost is kept the lowest while maintaining the highest attainable standards. One of such tenders awarded recently include a 200MW project awarded to ACWA Corporation from Saudi Arabia to construct a PV solar field in Dubai. It achieved the lowest flat-rate tariff (5.84 ¢/kWh) in the history (Kumetat, 2015). The project is in design phase, and the company is already securing funds through low interest bank loans in readiness for the commissioning in 2017. Upon completion, it will be the largest of its kind in MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region. Masdar Company is already in a design stage for the first phases of the first geothermal project ever to be implemented in the UAE (Kumetat, 2 015). In addition to FEWA’s projects, Masdar and Shams 1, other plans are also underway aimed at increasing renewable power generation all across the UAE. On 15th April, 2015, Dubai announced to roll out a mega project at a cost of $3 billion aimed at boosting power generation capability to 3GW. (Kumetat, 2015) DEWA’s managing director Sayeed Tayer announced that the above plans were aimed at boosting the generation capacity of the proposed largest solar park in Dubai: Shaikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Maktoum. The initial capacity of this park was planned to be 1GW upon completion in 2019 as the installation begun back in 2013. The initial authorizing of the first block of PV solar panels with a total capacity of 13 MW was also done in 2013 (Sayigh, 2013). However, DEWA has planned to upgrade the plant during and after the installation such that its capacity will triple (to 3 GW) by 2030. It shows how seriously the country is taking the harnessing and the use of renewable energy from solar power. Apart from the massive expansion of the physical capacity through the installation of larger and more powerful PV panels, the UAE is taking another very futuristic approach to the generation and storage of renewable energy. The government through its agencies is carrying out and sponsoring research to come up with futuristic ways of generating and storing energy. The Masdar institute, among others is continuously carrying out research on how to improve the generation capacities of various PV solar parks, Shams 1 CSP plant among others. Its research also includes the development of materials that are more absorptive of the solar energy. One of the ground-breaking research currently being done by this institute in conjunction with Norwegian company aims at making the storage of electricity produced by CSP solar parks more efficient. The Nest (New Energy Storage Technology) could reduce the cost of solar power by 70% in five years (Rauland Newman, 2015). The research aims at storing he at energy using special concrete material to store heat collected through CSP instead of the conventional method that is usually expensive. Another issue that has been seen to reduce the efficiency of sunshine absorption either in PV solar or CSP units is accumulation of dust. Dust or sand covers the surface needed for heat absorption: it increases costs as regular dusting and washing is required. Masdar is working to engineer transparent materials that have pore-sizes smaller than sand particle to protect the units’ surfaces. Additionally, parallel research and trials are currently underway aimed at coming up with a material that repels sand or dust particles. Materials are also being developed that have the ability to inhibit bacterial and other microbial activities that occur when dust and sand particles settle on PV or CSP units. All these are aimed at increasing the efficiency of these systems in order to generate more power, reduce cost and make the systems more sustainable (Rauland Newman, 2015). Steps described above show a country that is earnestly trying to diversify its energy mix. The diversification is aimed at attaining sustainability in all runs. With all these systems in place, the UAE seems to be ready to embrace renewable energy in the future. Research done and sponsored by various organizations may usher in an era in which renewable energy will be adequately competitive to effectively replace non renewable energy sources. Additionally, the Masdar carbon neutral city, being the first in the world, will serve as a model and an indicator of a time in the future where many other cities will be carbon neutral, therefore reducing global warming and reversing the effects of climatic change. When the systems for tapping and storing solar energy are competitive enough relative to conventional sources, the country will be in a better position to simply increase the scale of generation and effectively replace petroleum: it will usher in an era of clean non exhaustible energy with very low maintenance cost.

Commercial Law and Transactions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Commercial Law and Transactions - Essay Example 30). This rule states that if a bona fide purchaser unknowingly purchases and subsequently sells stolen goods, he will be held liable in common law for the whole market price of those goods as at the date of transaction (Atiyah, 2005, p. 28). Common law states that the proper owner of the goods retains the legal title; as such, the nemo dat rule applies to the successive bona fide purchasers, implying that the actual owner can successfully bring an action against the fifth bona fide purchaser in trover as decided in Beverly Acceptances Ltd. v. Oakley, (1982) RTR 417.1 Goode (2004, p. 16) notes that even though this rule was put in place to protect the true owners of personal property and to allow them to assert their superior title over anyone else over the property, the rule propagates to a greater extent injustice to bona fide purchasers. Besides, it propagates injustice to third parties who are innocent making them lose their claim the moment the true owner appears to assert his t itle (Sealy, Hooley, and Hooley, 2008, p. 23). Therefore, in order to prevent injustice on the bona fide purchaser and third parties, there are a number of exceptions to nemo dat rule which have been put in place in English law as noted in Lowther v. Harris, (1927) 1 K.B 393.2 It is worth noting that these exceptions only provide a certain degree of protection to the bona fide purchaser and innocent third parties as well as well as the true or original owner (Goode, p. 2009, p. 45). In the English Law, this principle is clarified under the Sale of Goods Act. The Sale of Goods Act 1994 specifies that the seller has to fulfil certain responsibilities before goods are sold legally. Rose (2001, p. 14) says that one of the most important clause of this rule is the ‘retention of title’ that allows the seller to retain the title of goods until the goods have been fully paid for. This clause forms a crucial part of any standard conditions and standard of sale. In Coventry Shepa rd & Co. v Great Eastern Railway Co., (1883) 11 QBD 776 it was decided that the original owner or the person authorised to sell the goods by its owner has the right to sell the goods and the buyer is enabled to enjoy possession of those goods free from any interference from any other party.3 As has been noted, there are several statutory exceptions to the nemo dat rule and they include the following: The first exception is estoppel, which implies that the buyer will acquire the title of the goods if the owner of the goods asserts right to sell. Bridge (1997, p. 18) explains that estoppels may be raised through the following ways; conduct, words, and negligence. Estoppel by conduct is whereby the owner’s conduct indicates that he has the right to sell the goods as decided in Henderson & Co v Williams [1895] 1 QB 521.4 Estoppel by words is whereby there is an express authority by the owner that the seller has the right to dispose of the goods (Markesinis and Munday 1998, p. 34) . Estoppel by negligence arises when the owner carelessly allows his goods to come into possession of a different person and that rogue goes ahead and sells it to innocent third

Implementation of the Carlson SAN Approach Essay

Implementation of the Carlson SAN Approach - Essay Example The figure illustrates that with the SAN approach storage devices are connected which makes them the protection of data more efficiently than before. SAN is a devoted network that transmits I/O traffic to the server and the storage devices and hence is termed as â€Å"network behind the servers†. Moreover, the applicability of SAN would enable a strong universal connectivity within storage to assist in clustering technology to derive the best output. Also, SAN can deliver disk and tape competence in more servers. SAN eliminates any limit regarding the access of the storing data in the individual server (Walder, 2013).   SAN central data facility was required by Carlson to enjoy a safer environment and high data protection of the data of the organization. Upholding consolidated data on a SAN central data facility is relevant as it protects data and enhances the speed for the benefit of the organization regarding the storage of the relevant data. Besides, file sharing can be done in a convenient manner with safety and without risk of security everywhere in the world. In addition, it improves the mobility and data control facility to a greater level of efficiency. The SAN central data facility is more cost-effective as it enables to store the data in several computers and it also facilitates as a backup data. Furthermore, the SAN central data is reliable and provides the scalable facility. It is also easy to access and provides quick efficient data sharing activity. On the other hand, the dispersed arrangement that it replaces leads to a time-consuming framework and also involves high maintenance. It requires high cost and is not as fast as the SAN central data facility. The risk associated with the dispersed arrangement is more as it is not fully protected.

Wake Up America! Essay Example for Free

Wake Up America! Essay Nowadays the issue of food is very important in American society as many people suffer from obesity, whereas others suffer from stomach pains and indigestion problems. Therefore, Americans should pay more attention to their everyday meals. As it is claimed, â€Å"the destiny of nations depends on the manner in which they are fed†. So, the popularity of slow food is increasing among nation because fast-food meals make people sick and, consequently, national character is changing as well. Eating shouldn’t be simply fueling up; moreover, it shouldn’t be done quickly and anonymously. People should refuse from French fries, fried beef and, certainly, Coke as all these products are health killers. Our food decisions influence us personally and even globally. Fast-food affects the country not only environmentally, but also politically and culturally. Eating health food shouldn’t be only elitist preoccupation; the government should pay more attention to make health food affordable for all people. (Walker 2006) It is interesting to note that even Presidents don’t pay attention to the food they are eating. The picture of Dixon when he pours ketchup on his cottage cheese is terrifying. In his turn, Bill Clinton instead of paying attention to doctor’s advises, neglects them and eats Big Macs. Our Presidents should be our example and they should be the first to promote health slow food. Maybe, we still lack awareness of the inevitable consequences of eating fast foods. (Trillin 2006) Meanwhile, there are people who suffer from hunger, while we are talking about fast food and slow food. They don’t have such choice as they can’t afford to but food, though they are provided with right to eat and to live. Brazil government feels responsibilities for these people and they have declared the health food course.America should do the same to improve the overall health situation in the country. (Lappe 2006) References Lappe, France Moore. (2006, August 24). A Right to Food? Retrieved October 29, 2007, from http://www. thenation. com/doc/20060911/fmlappe Trillin, Calvin. (2006, August 24). Presidential Eating Preferences. Retrieved October 29, 2007, from http://www. thenation. com/docprem. mhtml? i=20060911s=trillin Walker, Alice. (2006, August 24). Slow Food Nation. Retrieved October 29, 2007, from http://www. thenation. com/doc/20060911/waters

Accounts Settled: A Review :: essays research papers

Accounts Settled: A Review In the book, Accounts Settled, there is only one major character named Gordon. Gordon is seventeen, six feet tall, and has the beginning of a beard. The main setting is in a forest-filled valley that is a mile from Gordon's home. The story does not give a specific date but the most logical time this story takes place is in the winter during the early 1900s. The inciting incident in the story is when Gordon's dad came down with flu-pneumonia and Gordon must take his place in taking care of the trapline that he had set up in the forest. The conflict of the story is internal and external because Gordon had to face himself and nature. The rising action started when Gordon had a sense of fear as he went into the valley. The, the porcupine stole his food and Gordon was going to kill it but remembered an old woodsman tale that it's bad luck to ill a porcupine. Gordon then goes to bed, hungry and it took him awhile to fall asleep. He later wakes up to find a cougar ready to pounce on him. The cougar dose not strike yet because it is waiting for Gordon to move. Gordon knows better and stayed in the same position for what seemed like hours. Suddenly, the porcupine returns to look for more food and this disrupts the cougar. The climax is when Gordon quickly reaches for his gun and shoots the cougar. The resolution is when Gordon "cries the final tears of his boyhood" and he is finally a man. This writer used suspense in his story many times. For instance, "his eyes held the boy unwinkingly as he waited in the fiendish way of cats for the moment when the man must stir, or make an attempt to escape, the moment when his ingrained fear of man would be swallowed up by the rising tide of his blood- lust" and "moments passed, horrible heart-thudding moments, during which neither

A Research Study On The Basic Positive And Negative Effects Of Gaming Essay

Abstract The purpose of this study emphasizes on both, the positive and the negative impacts of playing video games on the teenagers. Over the last 30 years video games have made an impact on the way teenagers spend their leisure time. This research hypothesizes that social interaction, psychological, in particular aggressive behavior, health and academic performance is greatly affected by the extensive use of video gaming. The research proposal is further supported by the literature review of various articles including an article by Brandon T, which states that video games influence the beliefs and self esteem of children. In another article by Steven J Krish, it was proven that a positive relationship prevails between video gaming and self aggression, among the age groups of 11-17. In order to prove our hypothesis, both the primary and secondary research was conducted. The primary research was followed by questionnaires that were distributed among the targeted group and also an interview was conducted with a gaming technical. Our secondary research consisted of various articles. The information narrowed down brought very sensitive issues into the limelight. It was observed that almost 72 % of the teenagers suffered from acute aggression, bad grades and health issues, thus proving our hypothesis correct. However only strategic games were given a positive response as they sharpen the minds of the players but on the whole the negative effects overshadow the positive side of playing video games. Video Games and Teenagers: A Research Study On The Basic Positive And Negative Effects Of Gaming A video game is an electronic game that involves human interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device. It has been one of the most preferred leisure activities by the teenagers . The history of video games goes as far back as 1940s, when in 1947 Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr. and Estle Ray Mann filed a US patent request for an invention they described as cathode ray tube amusement device. This patent which the United States Patent office issued on December 14, 1948, details a machine in which a person uses knobs and buttons to manipulate a cathode ray tube beam to simulate firing at â€Å"air-borne† targets. Video gaming would not reach mainstream popularity until the 1970s and 80s, when arcade video games, gaming consoles and home computer games were introduced to general public. Since then video gaming has become a popular form of entertainment and a part of modern culture in the developed world. There are currently considered to be eight generations of video game consoles. The most common consoles used by the teenagers nowadays include Xbox, game boy, play station and Nintendo Game Cube. There are numerous genres of video games that have been available to the consumers for the past 30 years. One of the oldest genres of video game is the classic shooter. Shooters are games that require the player to blow away enemies or objects in order to survive and continue game play. Another of the first video game genres, especially from the computer platforms, was the adventure game. Another preferred genre is the strategy or the tactic games. These games attempt to capture a sense of realism for the game player to experience. However, these titles are often turn-based as opposed to real-time and they give the player a greater sense of specific control over a situation. Video games are a unique form of entertainment which encourages players to become a part of the game’s script. Our research will focus on the following issues: What appeals teenagers to play video games? What do teenagers experience while playing video games? How does playing video games effect teenagers positively? How does playing video games effect teenagers negatively? Should parents show concern regarding their children playing video games? Douglas A. Paul J. Lynch et al (2004) Gentile, in their article â€Å" The effects of violent video game habits on adolescent hostility, aggressive behavior and school performance† have discussed the effects of video games on teenagers. Their research stated that in 2000 the revenue generated by the gaming industry was $20 billion. Teenagers contributed the most in the consumption of the gaming consoles. Also 54 independent tests on relation between video game violence and aggression were conducted ; five consistent results of playing games with violent content were retrieved through this research i.e. playing violent games increases aggressive behaviors, aggressive cognitions, aggressive emotions , physiological arousal and decreases pro-social behavior. In the article â€Å" Perceived influence of negative and positive video game† , Shu .F .Lin (September 2010) stated the perceived effects between self and others in terms of both negative and positive video game. According to the researcher, the games were promoted through the mode of entertainment media in an array of content like sports, fighting, stimulation and role-playing etc. The positive impacts include increased socializing , controlling and cognitive skills, while negative effects were depression , anxiety and psychological disorders among teenagers. Steven J. Kirsh (1992) in his article â€Å"The effect of violent video games† found a positive association between video game play and self and teacher reported aggression in the age group of 11-17 years. In their study Anderson and Dill (2008) demonstrated a relationship between violent video games and lab aggression in college students .It has been found that children and adolescents play video games on average between 1.2 to 7.5 hours per week. It has also been suggested that psychological and biological factors are also correlates of aggression. Moreover the Anderson and Bushman’s (2002) General Aggression Model (GAM) has been successfully developed to further stress upon the effects . GAM can be used to explain the birth of aggression in the adolescents and the difference in vulnerability to the influence of violent games for every individual. In the article â€Å"The impact of video games on children† , Rick Missimer has put forth positive aspects of playing video games. He proposed that most of the video games are creative and fun intended. It is a medium that serves to get rid of stress by diverting their attention towards fun and entertainment. It reinforces the confidence level of children when they start mastering the games. It provokes innovative thinking and strategic thinking skills. Some games also aid children in their educational curriculum and help them get more familiar to technology. Kimberly Young ( 2004), Peter Laurie (1981) [1967], Jennifer Seter Wagner (2008) researchers conducted a research and discussed about the concepts of digital games and its application in forms and shapes. Being keen towards their research they illustrated about the history, symptoms, addiction, side effects ( physical, social ) benefits, and prevention against digital game playing. They further discussed about the addictive theories and how it impacts young brains. The study showed that addiction could be of many kinds and gaming is a negatively charged one, the symptoms of addiction are that youngsters feel depressed, restlessness and lack of self control between themselves, which is further supported by the side effects that they become victims of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, weight gain and migraines, social problems which occur are Withdrawal, Lose touch with reality and misuse of money in form of extra hours of playing. The benefits were that the teenagers enhanced superior ‘ visuospatial’ abilities, ‘Wiihabilitation’ and ‘Exergaming’. They concluded their research with prevention against video gaming that were unimaginable like few treatment centers specializing in against game addiction and training for enhancement of social skills. Another researcher (Roni Caryn Rabin, 2011 ), a reporter of New York Times has discussed in her article Video games and the Depressed teenagers , one of the major concerns regarding video game playing i.e. depression in teenagers. He has talked about the study which was conducted on a large group of teenagers. The results were published in the Journal of Pediatrics. The study found that children who spent most of the time playing video games were very impulsive and were hesitant while socializing. Their school grades were also affected and most importantly they had worse relationship with their parents. This study was supported with another research conducted on Chinese teenagers. The results of this research were published in the Archives of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine. It indicated that teenagers who used internet excessively ended up being depressed. Most of them used internet for playing video games. But Dr. Gentile , an associate professor of psychology at Iowa State University negated this study . The reasoning he provided was that teenagers who were socially isolated and impulsive are more likely to indulge themselves in activities such as video games. Once they become gamers , their school grades are likely to be affected and their relationship with their parents deteriorated. Dr. Gentile said that when teenagers start playing excessively , they are more likely to become depressed and isolated. One other author (Donna St. George, 2008) a reporter at Washington Post discussed about the behaviors of kids after playing mature games. The writer gave the reference of three researches held in USA and Japan. The results were almost same in both the countries, and this showed that video gaming and violence in teenagers was not the problem of USA only. Though, people used to believe that aggression due to violent video games was only the problem of an American teenager but now it was thought of as a general phenomenon that occurred across cultures. In USA, the researches focused on large groups of teenagers 364 and it was concluded that there was an increasing likelihood that a child would indulge into a fight or get physically aggressive after sometime of playing a game with violent content, as compared to other children. As compared to USA, the researchers were more curious in Japan. So, they conducted their research on more than 12 hundred people, and they focused on children as well as on adolescents. The results were quite same as were in USA. The researcher also talked to the parents of teenage gamers. Some parents did not allow their children to play mature games but despite that their children played and were found to be aggressive. On the other hand some parents were not uncomfortable with their children playing mature rated games but they didn’t find their children aggressive or hostile. The researcher suggests that it is important for parents to pay attention to the nature of games their children play and keep a check on the behavior of their kids after playing such games. A reporter at a magazine (Rebecca Scarlett, 2010) discusses very important beliefs of people, that games only portray a picture of violence and physical disorders. However just like two sides of every story it’s true that a large number of games do depict violence and useless themes, but a large number of games are now focusing on more constructive niche like physics games or math games or puzzles that provoke strategic thinking. Interestingly enough these niches are becoming rapidly popular among teens. These games help the kids and teenagers learn the complex and rather boring equations and formulas in a fun way which also develops logic skills as well as visual-spatial manipulation skills. Recently many parents have wished that they could get their children off the games to spend more time reading. Successfully the gaming industry has provided children with such Role-playing games. These games involve long quests with plots that are as Intricate as any novel, and these plots are revealed mostly through dialogue. Such that it becomes impossible to play the game successfully without a good deal of reading The author further explains that studies have shown even better results that kids who play more video games have better hand-eye coordination and they react on time. The speed of most video games demands quick decision-making in response to what appears on the screen, and many kids become so lightning fast while playing them. Even though video games have been demonized, there are many games out there that, when played in moderation, can actually have beneficial effects. (Mark.D.Griffiths,1998), another researcher discussed that video game playing is a leisure activity for most of the adolescents. He said that the literature provided by Loftus and Loftus (1983) and Griffiths (1991,1993) clearly indicated that teenagers took videogames as a source of entertainment. Furthermore, he also stated that boys play more videogames on average as compared to girls. He has also put forth the common argument regarding videogames i.e. it is potentially addictive. He has discussed the study regarding the computer games addiction by Shotton (1989), where he stated that most of the adolescents were addicted by computer games for than five years. He also pointed out a positive aspect that these people were intelligent and motivated, but they were often misunderstood. Our research methodology was designed to get the most accurate answers. Research Design Our primary research included survey method. Questionnaires were given to the respondents. Participants We have targeted teenagers (13-19 years) and their parents. Our sample size was 25. Our secondary research included articles from the web. Measures Questionnaires were designed such that they were divided into two sections; the first section has demographic questions and the second section is based upon the statements regarding our variables. Procedure Participants were of two kind, both teenagers and their parents. They were asked to answer the questions in the two different types of questionnaires. One was designed to collect the responses of the teenagers and the second one was designed to collect responses from the parents. Later on these responses were further analyzed to conduct our research. Like other related forms of media, video games have been a subject of controversy and our study focuses on the impact (positive and negative) of video games on teenagers. Discussion One of the major goals of our research was to know the factors that motivates teenagers to play games. According to our research, the greatest chunk i.e. 72% of respondents said that either they played videogames to avoid boredom or took it as a mode of entertainment. Few individuals also said that videogames help them to stay active. Whereas, a small percentage of the sample either played games to release frustration or as a hobby. The data is quantified visually through the following pie chart: Another important question is that despite having numerous substitutes available to videogames like physical sports etc, why do teenagers choose videogames as a source of leisure activity. Most of the teenagers said that it took their mind off their problems and the feeling of mastering the game is addictive. Furthermore, in this era of competition teenagers are in a constant pressure from their peers, so they have two options; either they face it or they don’t . They choose not to face it and just to take their mind off such problems; they take video games as a source of distraction. When the teenagers were asked about the hours they spend on gaming and for how long have they been playing, most of them play for approximately 3 hours on a stretch and have been playing for more than 2 years. Most of the parents too gave the same answer that their children play for so many hours (3 hours) without taking any break. Even our interviewee Mr. Waseem Yousaf said that children become too addicted after they start coming to gaming zone. The numbers of hours they play keep on increasing gradually and they start visiting on frequent basis. When asked about the genres of games that were preferred, most of the respondents replied in favour of action, strategy and sports. Even our interviewee said that the most popular games in gaming zone are action, sports and strategy. Another important aspect of video gaming is the effect of the violence depicted in video games. 72% played violent video games and 64% of our respondents (teenagers) feel that such games greatly influence their mood. More importantly 72% teenagers find themselves quite aggressive. Now let’s have a look at the health issues associated with video game play. Most of the parents said that their children have become negligent of their heath due to video games; they become so engrossed in it that they do not take care of their health and their children face health problems. Most of the teenagers also said that they have health issues because of playing video games. 24% of the respondents experienced backache, headache and eye strain, 36% had headache or backache out of which 24% had headache once in a month. 16% did not have any heath issues. The ones who did not have any health issues had an active life style and played physical sports regularly. The following pie chart depicts the above mentioned statistics graphically. When asked about the influence of videogames on schooling and grades, it was found that the parents and teenagers negated each other’s answers. Most of the children said that their grades were not affected by video game play but the parents said the opposite. It was also found through our study that many children became very defensive when they were asked about their gaming habits. It was deducted that 72% of teenagers lie about their gaming habits/hours to their parents. This shows that the teenagers are very supportive of video games unlike parents; they want to play as much as they want but parents have a genuine concern regarding it. They do not want their children to become addicts of games and neglect important things like studies. Our research shows that teenagers have equal preferences for outdoor sports as well as videogames; but still according to our research teenagers are more inclined towards video games as compared to the outdoor sports. However, with the introduction of Consoles like Nintendo Wii and Xbox Kinect ® the level of physical activity has increased. This is because these add-ons ensure that there is handsome amount of physical movement while playing games. Our interviewee said that places like gaming zones have a very healthy environment and teenagers prefer coming here and use gaming consoles that require physical exercise as well. Another thing worth discussing is the money teenagers spend on video gaming. Our interviewee said that on average a teenager spends an amount of Rs.500 for 3-4 hours which includes gaming rent as well as money spent on snacks. This has been a matter of concern for parents because teenagers have started demanding an increase in their pocket money more often now. Most of the parents have been unsuccessful in reducing the amount of time that their children spend on video games and many parents said that their children start to play significantly more than what they have been playing if they are asked to reduce the number of hours they play. This shows that children retaliate if they are asked to change their gaming habits. Hence, we can say that parents should not impose restrictions on the amount of time they spend in front of video games, instead they should try to logically convince them. Lastly, we would shed some light on the positive effects of video gaming. As discussed earlier most of the teenagers prefer playing strategic video games. About 52% respondents (teenagers ) said that due to such games they feel they can make decisions efficiently. Similarly, 64% believe that these games have sharpened their minds. Even our interviewee says that players who usually prefer playing strategic games are seen to be sharper and they grasp and master games quickly as compared to other players. Teamwork, working in collaboration, and cooperation is also another important positive outcome of videogames. Most teenagers play games which involve one or multiple players. When we asked our interviewee about the attitude of gamers, he said that players show team spirit and they play in collaboration. He also discussed that gaming zone and such venues provide a very healthy environment for teenagers; mostly teenagers from good family backgrounds come here. and it also provides an easy way of socializing with others. Conclusion & Recommendations The information narrowed down brought very sensitive issues into the limelight . It was observed that almost 72 % of the teenagers suffered from acute aggression , bad grades n health issues, thus proving our hypothesis correct. However only strategic games were given a positive response as they sharpen the minds of the players but on the whole the negative effects overshadow the positive side of playing video games. Parents should monitor video game play the same way you need to monitor television and other media. Be a loving, attentive parent who disciplines their child well. An aggressive child is more a product of dysfunctional parenting than anything else, including violent games and TV. According to Los Angeles-based psychotherapist Robert Butterworth, PhD, dysfunctional parenting, children with little guilt, and accessibility to firearms with little parental supervision can create violent children. â€Å"Most children who commit violent crime show an early combination of personality and family factors that include having trouble getting along with playmates in preschool,† Butterworth says. â€Å"By second or third grade they’re doing poorly in school, and have few friends. By the age of 10 they’re picking fights and getting labeled by their peers as social outcasts.† What’s more â€Å"they typically come from families where parents are poor at disciplining because they are indifferent, neglectful, too coercive or they use harsh physical punishment with little love.† Although playing video games can be a learning experience, give your kid a variety of entertaining things to learn from, so your kid will not be addicted to just one thing. Be sure to make him read books, play sports, interact with other kids, and watch good TV. Everything should be taken in moderation. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children not spend more than one to two hours per day in front of all electronic screens, including TV, DVDs, videos, video games (handheld, console, or computer), and computers (for non-academic use). This means seven to fourteen hours per week total. Limit the amount of time they could play and also used the video game ratings to limit the content of the games have children who do better in school and also get into fewer fights. Monitor the effect of video games on your child. Observe their behavior. If it appears that they’re becoming more aggressive with his siblings or friends during the period that they’re playing violent games, stop them from playing the games. If they become interested in history after playing historical games, then the game is beneficial to them. References Perceived influence of negative and positive video game by Shu Fang Lin Journal of Media and Communication Studies Vol. 2(10), pp. 208-214, December 2010 ISSN 2141 – 2545  ©2010 Academic Journals The effects of violent video game habits on adolescent hostility, aggressive behavior and school performance by Douglas A. Paul J. Lynch et al (2004) Gentile Journal of Adolescence 27 (2004) 5–22 The effect of violent video games on adolescents by Steven J. Krish Aggression and Violent Behavior 8 (2003) 377 – 389 The impact of video games on children by Rick Missimer from the website www.healthguidance.org Video Games: Effect on childhood Development by Brandon T. McDaniel 146 E. 800 N. Provo, Utah 84606 http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/18/video-games-and-the-depressed-teenager/# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/11/02/AR20081102023 92_2.htm Can Video Games Actually Have Positive Effects? By Rebecca Scarlett, Effects of violent games on aggressive behavior, aggressive cognition. Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2001). Impact of entertainment violence on children. American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, & American Medical Association (2000). URL http://www.aap.org/advocacy/releases/jstmtevc.htm Hostility, Type A behavior , and stress hormones at rest and after playing violent video games in teenagers. Lynch, P. J. (1999). Psychosomatic Medicine, 61, 113. The physiological and psychological effects of video games. Paschke, M. B., Green, E., & Gentile, D. A. (2001). Poster Presented at the 36th Annual Minnesota Undergraduate Psychology Conference, St. Paul, MN, April 2001. What Do Teens See in Video Games?† By Barbara Geller, MD Published in Journal Watch Psychiatry March 25, 2004 Haninger K and Thompson KM. Content and ratings of teen-rated video games. JAMA 2004 Feb 18; 291:856-65. â€Å"Video Games and Depressed Teenager† By Roni Caryn Rabin The New York Times, January 18, 2011. Appendix Interview Questions 1. What types of games do you have in your game zone ? 2. Which age group mostly and regularly come to play games ? 3. What is your view about kid’s attitude towards games ? 4. Do teenagers become addicted to games , if they start coming regularly ? 5. Do teenagers spend a lot of money on games ? 6. What is the attitude of parents towards gaming? 7. Which class (elite, middle, or poor) mostly come to play games in gaming zone ? 8. What is the affect of gaming zone’s environment on kids (especially on teenagers) ? 9. Do you consider that places such as gaming zone is a good source for socializing? 10. What is your opinion regarding teenagers indulgence in video games these days? Interview What types of games do you have in your game zone ? We have many types of games in our gaming zone but the most preferred are strategy, action and sports. Which age group mostly and regularly come to play games ? We have a lot of customers who visit us on frequent basis. People as young as 8 years and as old as 40 years come and play games here. But it is the teenagers who mostly visit the gaming zone regularly. What is your view about kid’s attitude towards games ? Different kids have different attitudes towards games. (Pause) Mostly children who play action games become more aggressive while playing and become impatient and hostile on losing. But children who prefer playing strategic games are quite quick in grasping the techniques of playing other games. Do teenagers become addicted to games , if they start coming regularly ? Yes, teenagers become quite addicted if they start coming on regular basis. The number of hours they stay in gaming zone keeps on increasing gradually. And most of the teenagers come straight from their schools and stay with their friends for too long playing games. Do teenagers spend a lot of money on games ? Yes, they do. On average, a teenager spend Rs.400 for 3-4 hours in gaming zone. We usually charge Rs.90 per hour for a game but kids prefer snacks along with the games so they end up spending a considerable amount of money on this activity. What is the attitude of parents towards gaming? Usually parents accompany young kids who are aged between 8 to 13. They seem to enjoy games along with their kids but they do not visit us on frequent basis. Parents of adults and teenagers do not visit gaming zone. They are maybe negligent of the gaming habits of their children because these teenagers spend a lot of money as well as time in our gaming zone and are never accompanied by their parents. Which class (elite, middle, or poor) mostly come to play games in gaming zone ? Mostly it is the elite and middle class who visit gaming zone. What is the affect of gaming zone’s environment on kids (especially on teenagers) ? The environment of gaming zone is very good. Teenagers from good family backgrounds come here and enjoy playing games. I think it creates a good impact on teenagers. Do you consider that places such as gaming zone is a good source for socializing? Yes, of course it is. It provides a healthy environment where people from different age groups come and spend quality time together playing video games. Most games involve multiple players and in such games the teenagers are seen to play as one team. They show team spirit as well as play in collaboration. What is your opinion regarding teenagers indulgence in video games these days? I believe that video games is a good source of entertainment. I know most of the teenagers prefer it over other leisure activities but at the same time I would say anything done excessively is not good. Teenagers need to have a balance in their lives regarding fun and studies. As far as they are able to maintain that balance I would support video game play. QUESTIONNAIRE 1 This is a research study on video games by BBA/BSc.I students of Lahore School Of Economics. Do not feel obligated to answer all questions if you are uncomfortable to do so. Thank you for your participation. Demographic information 1. Name ( optional ) _____________________ 2. Gender: 3. Age: 4. Occupation: Please choose the desired option Q5. How many child/children do you have? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) More than 3 Q6. Your child is aged between: a) 8 – 10 b) 11 – 15 c) 16 – 20 Q7. Are you a single parent? a) Yes b) No Q8. What is your occupational status? a) paid employment fulltime b) paid employment part-time c) supported employment d) self employed Q9. Does your child show signs of video game addiction? a) Yes b) No Q10. On an average weekend, your child plays video games for: a) 0 – 1 hour. b) 2 hours. c) 3 hours. d) 4 hours. e) 5 or more hours. Q11. How many times have you unsuccessfully tried to reduce the amount of time that your child spends on video games? a) Never b) One time c) Two times d) Three times e) Four or more times Q12. If you fail to set a limit to video game time, your child would play: a) About the same amount as he / she does now b) Somewhat more than he / she does now c) Significantly more than he / she does now d) Far more than he / she does now Q11. Does your child have access to video game in his / her room? a) Yes b)No Q12. Does your child have interests outside the world of video games? a) Never or rarely b) Occasionally c) Often d) Always Q13. Does your child seems to have few friends outside the gaming world? a) Not at all b) Maybe c) Most certainly Q14. Does your child lies about the time he/she spends on video games? a) Yes b) No Q15. Does your child prefer playing video games over going out with friends? a) Never b) Occasionally c) Frequently d) Always Q16. Have your child’s grades been suffering from excessive video gaming? a) Not at all b) Somewhat true c) Definitely true Q17. Is your child permitted to play video games before the completion of homework? a) Never b) Occasionally c) Frequently d) Always Q18. Is your child an active member in the formal school activities or clubs? a) No, none at all b) Yes, one activity or club c) Yes, two activities or clubs d) Yes, three or more activities or clubs Q19. Does your child neglects his/ her health because of excessive video gaming? a) Never b) Occasionally c) Often d) Always Q20. Is your child employed as a part time worker? a) No, he / she is too young to work , or I prefer that he / she does not work b) No, he she is too involved in other activities (not including video games) c) No, I would like him / her to work but he / she refuses to do so d) Yes, but he / she has difficulty holding onto jobs e) Yes, and he / she successfully holds onto jobs Q21. Does your child becomes irritable or anxious if he/ she cannot access his/her favorite video game? a) Never b) Rarely c) Often d) Always Q22.Does your child becomes angry or defensive if asked about his/her gaming habits? a) Never b) Occasionally c) Often d) Always Q23. As a parent, do you decide what kind of video games does your child plays? a) Never b) Occasionally c) Often d) Always Q24. Will your child have difficulty giving up all of his/her video games for a week? a) No, not at all. This would be very easy for my child b) My child wouldn’t like it, but he / she could do it without too many complaints c) My child would have great difficulty giving up video games for one week d) It would be entirely impossible for my child to give up video games for one week Q25. Does your child plays video games at the first available opportunity? a) Never b) Rarely c) Sometimes d) Always Q26. Does your child gets headaches, red eyes, sore fingers or wrist pains from playing video games? a) Never or very rarely b) Sometimes c) Often Thank you for your co-operation! QUESTIONNAIRE 2 This is a research study on video games by BBA/BSc.I students of Lahore School Of Economics. Do not feel obligated to answer all questions if you are uncomfortable to do so. Thank you for your participation. Demographic information 5. Name ( optional ) _____________________ 6. Gender: 7. Age: 8. Education Level: 9. Institution: Please choose the desired option 10. How often do you play video games? Daily Once a week Twice or thrice a week Once a month 11. What gaming technology do you have in your house? PS-2/3 X- box Gameboy Laptop/Pc Others 12. How long have you been playing video games? 6 months year 2 years more than 2 years 13. How did you started playing video games; who or what motivated you? Self interest Friends Advertisements ( magazines, TV) Others 14. What is the longest you have ever played without taking any break? 3 hours 4 hours 5 hours More than 5 hours 15. What genres of game do you play? Action Sports Puzzle Strategy Others 16. How many players participate with you? One Two Multiple players e.g. online gaming Myself only 17. Do you play violent video games ( usually rated 18 + )? Yes No 18. Do you think that the result of the game has a direct effect on your mood after playing? Yes No 19. Would you consider yourself an aggressive person? If yes then rate yourself on a scale of 1-5? 1 20. What would be your major reason to play video game? Keep yourself active at home To avoid boredom Hobby Entertain or spend time with your friends Frustration Other 21. What is it you like best about video game? The feeling that I am in the control of the situation It takes my mind off my problems The feeling of mastering the game Other 22. Do video games improve your ability to make decisions quickly? Yes No 23. Do you feel video games have sharpened your mind? Yes No 24. Do you have any health problems after playing video games? Yes; backache, headache, eye strain etc Sometimes I get a headache or backache I get headache once in a month No, I don’t have any health issues 25. Have you had problems at school that are related to gaming? Yes; I am tired all the time and never get my homework done I had turned in late assignments because I was playing games instead of doing homework No; I have never let games interfere with my schoolwork 26. Do you play any sports? Only video sports I split my time between sports and video games I play only one sport I play more than one sport 27. Are your parents comfortable with your gaming? Yes No 28. Have you ever tried to quit playing video games? Yes; but I always start playing again No; I play as much as I want and it isn’t a problem for me No; I don’t play enough for it to be a problem Thank you for your cooperation! Graphical Data